Attica

The state of TIAH

September 13th, 2006

in 1947, Doctor Phillipe de le Roscaux, who had been an assistant at the discovery of the Lascaux cave paintings 7 years before, returns to the cave to check on the seal of the secret passage. He has done this every few months for 7 years; like that old German professor, he was determined that what he had seen in that passage should never be seen by men again. When he sees that the seal is starting to deteriorate, he liberally applies some of the concrete that he has brought with him to cover up the patches that are opening. His visits have become more frequent because the last few times, his patches have begun breaking more quickly. In the back of his mind, he knows that he will eventually have to find some way to deal with what was on the other side of the wall; for now, though, he applies his patch and returns to Paris.

in 1971, Governor Nelson Rockefeller of New York orders the retaking of the Attica Prison in Buffalo. The prison had erupted in riots four days before, and several guards and prison employees had been taken hostage. Governor Rockefeller, who was considered something of a liberal in the Republican Party, felt that decisive action could bolster his chances of challenging President Nixon for the Republican presidential nomination the next year. When the bloody strike at the prison ends in dozens dead, Rockefeller tells the press, “We're not going to sit around and let criminals make the first move anymore. We're taking the fight to them.” His harsh attitudes do, indeed, sit very well with Republican voters, especially after President Nixon's election shenanigans are revealed early in the campaign in '72, forcing him to drop out of the running. Rockefeller then faces George McGovern in the general election, and loses by such a narrow margin that he challenges the results. Although count after count is upheld, he maintains, like Nixon did about the 1960 election, that the Democrats stole the election. Republicans across the country picked up the mantra, and President McGovern was dogged by it all 4 years he was in office. Rockefeller ran against him again in 1976, and won by less than 10,000 votes. Since President McGovern had been unable to end the war in Vietnam due to hard Republican opposition in Congress, President Rockefeller enters office determined to get America out of the quicksand it had found itself mired in. Before peace negotiations can accomplish anything, though, South Vietnam is overrun by North Vietnamese forces, and American troops are forced to flee the country or be decimated. America's first military defeat becomes a noose around President Rockefeller's neck, keeping him from accomplishing anything of substance in office. He reluctantly relinquishes the Republican nomination for the office in the 1980 elections to Representative John Anderson of Illinois, who tells the electorate, “The Republican Party has become too entwined with the interests of the rich and powerful, like our current president. It's time for some plain old Americans to run things again.” Although this sentiment does well, it doesn't do well enough to keep Senator Edward Kennedy from winning the election handily. The first brother of a president to win office in his own right proves that he was not coasting on reputation; his two terms leave America more prosperous and strong than it had been since Johnson left office.

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Pope Richard II Resigns; Gathering Moss' 1st Tour

September 29th, 2004

in 1399, Pope Richard II of the Holy British Empire became the first of the British Popes to resign from office. He was replaced by his cousin Henry, Bishop of Bolingbroke, who had often persecuted Richard’s supporters. This precipitated nearly a century of war between the Lancastrian branch and the Yorkist branch of the Plantagenet Popes.

in 1758, pilot Horatio Nelson was born in Burnham Thorpe, United Kingdom. Even as a child, Nelson had an affinity for the Mlosh aerial ship designs, and became a pilot in His Majesty’s Air Corps. Nelson was the first British man to leave the solar system.

in 1829, Scotland Yard is formed, paradoxically, in London. An investigative wing of His Majesty’s police force, the Yard is instrumental in solving many crimes during the middle of the century. After its failure to solve the infamous Jack the Ripper cases, though, it is reorganized as the Royal Ministry of Investigation under Lord Reginald Townshend.

in 1907, Orvon Autry was born in the small town of Tioga, Texas. He moved to New Jersey as an adult and, since he had been a cowboy in Texas, performed in many of Dynamic Pictures’ westerns. He was the comic foil in Plainsgirl opposite Carla Lambert.

in 1916, capitalist counter-revolutionary John Rockefeller used his vast, ill-gotten wealth to leave the then-United States of America for the United Kingdom. “A businessman can no longer thrive in the communist environment of the United States,” Rockefeller said in the press conference announcing his defection. Socialist President Woodrow Wilson denounced Rockefeller’s reactionary statement and froze all of Rockefeller’s assets still in the U.S.

in 1963, the Moss go on their first tour, as an opening act for Buddy Holly and Bo Diddley. Programs and fliers mentioning the opening act of this tour, the Gathering Moss, are worth a fortune on ebay today.

in 1969, scientist Erika Eleniak was born in Glendale, California. The child of a Ukrainian immigrant who had moved to Hollywood to be an actor, Eleniak was saved from a life of drug abuse in high school by a teacher who showed her that science could give her a better high than any drug. After getting degrees in astronomy and physics, she became well-known as a popularizer of science with her television series, How Do They Do That?.

in 4697, Admiral Wu’s sihps detect new activity happening in the asteroid belt. Unwilling to wait to see what the Y’T’T’li have in store for humanity, Wu orders his ships to begin bombardment of the belt with outlying asteroids. The chaos of the next few days allows some Y’T’T’li ships to escape Wu’s blockade.

To Dream The Impossible Dream

September 29th, 2005

in 1547, the famous Spanish adventurer Miguel de Cervantes, whose exploits were captured by his brother Roderigo in the epic Don Quixote, was born outside Madrid, Spain. Although barely able to keep more than 2 pesos at a time, de Cervantes’ exploits thrilled the Spanish, and they ate up his brother’s tales.

in 1758, Horatio Nelson was born in Burnham Thorpe, United Kingdom. The commander of the infamous Agamemnon was almost single-handedly responsible for the loss of the British navy to France when war broke out between the two nations in 1793. The only thing that saved Nelson from a court-martial was his death when the Agamemnon sank.

in 1829, Scotland Yard is formed, paradoxically, in London. An investigative wing of His Majesty’s police force, the Yard is instrumental in solving many crimes during the middle of the century. After its failure to solve the infamous Jack the Ripper cases, though, it is reorganized as the Royal Ministry of Investigation under Lord Reginald Townshend.

in 1916, capitalist counter-revolutionary John Rockefeller used his vast, ill-gotten wealth to leave the then-United States of America for the United Kingdom. “A businessman can no longer thrive in the communist environment of the United States,” Rockefeller said in the press conference announcing his defection. Socialist President Woodrow Wilson denounced Rockefeller’s reactionary statement and froze all of Rockefeller’s assets still in the U.S.

in 1939, Stalin considers Germany too tempting of a target to stand by his agreement of alliance with them after the partition of Poland. His forces quickly take the other half of Poland and push on into Germany, itself. Faced with a reversal of fortune so soon into his campaign, German leader Adolf Hitler moves the entire German army to the eastern front, where they battle futilely against the coming communist onslaught.

in 1965, North Vietnam announces that it will treat U.S. pilots that have been taken captive as war criminals. An international storm of protest, including condemnation from their close ally, the Soviet Union, makes the communist government rescind that policy before it can be implemented, and captive pilots retain their Geneva Convention protections.

in 1969, scientist Erika Eleniak was born in Glendale, California. The child of a Ukrainian immigrant who had moved to Hollywood to be an actor, Eleniak was saved from a life of drug abuse in high school by a teacher who showed her that science could give her a better high than any drug. After getting degrees in astronomy and physics, she became well-known as a popularizer of science with her television series, How Do They Do That?.

in 1994, police arrest Ronald Shamburger as he is attempting to break into his ex-girlfriend’s house. The student at Texas A&M had just robbed a convenience store and a police car had been combing the neighborhood for him; they were fortunate to have stumbled on Shamburger, as his ex-girlfriend was home and he had threatened her on other occasions. Shamburger received 15 years in prison.

in 4697, Admiral Wu’s ships detect new activity happening in the asteroid belt. Unwilling to wait to see what the Y’T’T’li have in store for humanity, Wu orders his ships to begin bombardment of the belt with outlying asteroids. The chaos of the next few days allows some Y’T’T’li ships to escape Wu’s blockade.

in 2002, Dr. Courtney and Professor Thomas take up the entire group of pilots they have been working with in the object and make a few runs around the earth. The pilots, none of whom have been in space, are properly awed by the demonstration and even more focused on the lessons now. While they are in earth orbit, though, an instrument on the object’s control panel glows white, which startles both Thomas and Courtney. They hastily return to earth and make arrangements to see their Pentagon liaison.


TIAH HALLOWEEN CONTEST - no donation required, just send us your stuff!

In order to provide for the upkeep of our new historian, Today In Alternate History is sponsoring its first contest - email us up to 3 alternate history entries for October 31st, 2005. The best 10 entries will make up the entire content of the post on October 31st, Halloween day. Boring contest information was available on our Forum link below, but since the forum has been hacked, we'll email it back to you if you want to know what it is. Here's another goof for those of you paying attention - oom-maw-maw, a-poppa-oom-maw-maw. Enter early and often!

Also, we still have our standard offer - everybody who donates $10 or more through our Paypal link will become alternate history entries on the site. When you donate, I will email you asking your preference for a day & timeline; if you don't reply to me, I'll place you in a day that seems to fit your name :) Thanks for your continued support!

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Fresh New Poll - Shall we use future dates in our entries?

Warp and Protocols still available; also, see the script I submitted for Bravo's Situation: Comedy. Speaking of which, the winning writers have been announced; not the ones I voted for, but you can see the one I did at http://www.marktreitel.com

Still wishing...

As your humble alternate historian enters the downhill slope of the 40's, he still has his birthday wish - a contract with a publishing company like Workman Publishing to produce a page-a-day calendar of TIAH. If you are an editor for such a company, or can place us in touch with one, please fulfill this belated birthday wish!

"A Massive Grave"; Nuclear Options

The state of TIAH

September 5th, 2006

in 1571, Spanish and Aztec soldiers clash with a small mob of Londoners in Piccadilly when an Aztec warrior's insult to a shopkeeper turns violent. Although the invaders win the contest, 14 Aztecs and 23 Spaniards are killed in the fight, encouraging the resistance movement. Aztec Emperor Mectezuma is furious when word reaches him, and he orders a hundred English children to be rounded up and sacrificed in retaliation. The Spanish general in charge of his country's invasion force, Juan Del Castillo, begs the Emperor to change his mind, but the next morning sees blood flowing freely from Buckingham Palace again. The Emperor is impatient to be done with this war; England is too cold for him, and he longs to be back in his homeland. “We will crush these English barbarians brutally, so that this may be done quickly,” he told his advisors and the Spanish leaders. “Resistance will be dealt with in the harshest measures possible. I do not care if we leave London as a massive grave.”

in 1975, President Gerald Ford is fatally wounded by a follower of cult leader Charles Manson as he visits Sacramento, California. Lynette Fromme, known as “Squeaky” in the cult, shot Ford just before a Secret Service agent could wrestle her to the ground. The president was rushed to a Sacramento hospital immediately, but died on the operating table as doctors attempted to repair the damage to his heart. Vice-President Nelson Rockefeller, in his home state of New York doing a fundraiser, was notified of the President's death and given the oath of office in the kitchen off of the banquet hall he had been speaking in. His first speech as president was given in the hall, informing the gathered businessmen and the few reporters who had been attending that President Ford was dead, “but the ideals of America go on. This little woman killed a man hoping she could bring down a country, but a single bullet cannot fell the United States.” President Rockefeller pushed for strict regulation of cults when he got back to Washington, and Congress readily complied. The Unification Church of Sun Myung Moon challenged the new legislation as an attack on the first amendment, but it took years before the Supreme Court finally struck it down. By then, many small religions in America had been eradicated.

in 1980, French and West German armored divisions clash with Soviet forces just outside of Berlin as British planes battle East Germans in dogfights above the city. The Soviet Union places its nuclear forces on high alert, and the British and French do likewise. The Secretary-General of the United Nations, Kurt Waldheim, makes a desperate call to America's president, Charles Evans, but Evans is steadfast in his refusal to intercede in the war. He does make one concession to the Austrian – he publicly announces, “If this conflict on the other side of the world should happen to spill over to ours, America will have no choice but to exercise its nuclear options.” Soviet Premier Brezhnev, who had been considering lobbing a few nukes into the fray in Germany, decided to hold them in reserve for now, and see how conventional combat would go.

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Boston Police Strike; Attica

September 9th, 2005

in 1228, Hindi poet/dramatist Harishchandra was born in India. The Rajahs allowed him much leeway due to his spectacular talent, but he finally went too far in his heresies. After the publication of Allah shall bow to Vishnu in 1252, he was seized and stoned to death.

in 1919, reactionary Socialist governor Calvin Coolidge of Massachusetts attempted to call out the National Guard to end the Boston Police Strike. The Brotherhood of Police Officers had called the strike to protest Coolidge’s anti-labor attitudes. When the Massachusetts Guard received the order from Governor Coolidge, Colonel Samuel R. Trask of the Guard refused to obey it, and the strike eventually brought down Coolidge’s administration.

in 1943, New Reich troops began a 6-month siege of St. Petersburg. Fresh from their victory in Paris, troops pour into old Russia, and St. Petersburg is pummeled. No side truly wins the siege; both the Greater Zionist Resistance and the New Reich considered the loss of a million lives in the city a defeat.

in 1959, Li Huang-Sen attempts to return to the dimension where his love, Huan Yue, is being held captive. But, the one holding Huan Yue is actively blocking him, and he is unable to penetrate the barrier between the dimensions. Li tries all day, but is forced to admit defeat. He bitterly walks the deck of the ship he is sailing back to China in; on the water, he sees a beautiful young woman waving goodbye to him.

in 1971, the overcrowded prison hellhole of Attica near Buffalo, New York, erupted in violence as prisoners gained control of the facility. Governor Nelson Rockefeller, ambitious to seem tough on crime in order to burnish his national credentials, sent in the National Guard, causing a bloodbath. By the time the shooting was over, over 30 hostages and close to 400 prisoners were dead.

in 1976, Chinese Communist rebel Mao Tse-Tung dies in prison in Beijing. Although he had been instrumental in the struggle against the Japanese during World War II, anti-Communist sentiment in the west and poverty in the Soviet Union starved Mao of the resources he needed to keep his movement alive. Nationalist leader Chiang Kai-Shek defeated and captured him in 1951 and threw him in prison for all of China to gawk at.

in 1982, a car carrying Princess Grace of Monaco topples off of one of Monaco’s mountain roads. The suspicious nature of his wife’s death leads Prince Ranier to order an investigation, in which he finds that British intelligence had been behind the death; before he can tell the public though, he, too, has a little “accident”.

in 1996, Dr. Melvin Courtney regains consciousness. Although he is still weak, he is in strong spirits and asks to see Professor Malcolm Thomas immediately. When the two of them are alone, he tells Thomas, “They gave me a plan, Malcolm. We’re getting out of here.”

in 4697, Captain Wu sends word ahead to earth that the Y’T’T’li have destroyed Yang Gao. As he broadcasts, his crew detects what appear to be several vessels following them; their point of origin apparently being Yang Gao. Wu adds on to his broadcast a warning to earth to be ready to repel invaders.

in 2004, an Elder delegation in Utah nearly sparks a riot when they begin contradicting Mormon doctrine about the population among the stars. When police arrive, though, there is an eerie calm among those who had been about to attack the aliens, almost as if something were controlling their bodies. The Elders explain to the officers that they are simply keeping the people from hurting themselves. This information is immediately sent back to the White House, where Dr. Emilio Carrera is discussing options with President Gore and several other national leaders.


TIAH HALLOWEEN CONTEST

In order to provide for the upkeep of our new historian, Today In Alternate History is sponsoring its first contest - make a donation at our Paypal link, then email us up to 3 alternate history entries for October 31st, 2005. The best 10 entries will make up the entire content of the post on October 31st, Halloween day. Boring contest information is available on our Forum link below. Enter early and often!

Also, we still have our standard offer - everybody who donates $10 or more through our Paypal link will become alternate history entries on the site. When you donate, I will email you asking your preference for a day & timeline; if you don't reply to me, I'll place you in a day that seems to fit your name :) Thanks for your continued support!

Forum Link - Boring legal info on the TIAH Halloween Contest!
Fresh New Poll - Shall we use future dates in our entries?

Warp and Protocols still available; also, see the script I submitted for Bravo's Situation: Comedy. Speaking of which, voting for the winner is now over. Be sure to watch tonight for the winner, and watch the pilots at http://aol.com/situationcomedy

Still wishing...

As your humble alternate historian enters the downhill slope of the 40's, he still has his birthday wish - a contract with a publishing company like Workman Publishing to produce a page-a-day calendar of TIAH. If you are an editor for such a company, or can place us in touch with one, please fulfill this belated birthday wish!

Ruins

At the end of the third age, the fellowship of the ring entered the chamber of records [the twenty-first hall of Moria] lit by a wide shaft high in the further eastern wall; it slanted upwards, and far above, a small patch of the blue sky could be seen. The light of the sharp fell directly on a table in the middle of the room; a single oblong block about two feet high, upon which was laid a great slab of white stone. Here is written in the runes of Men and Dwarves: Second Lieutenant John Ronald Reuel Tolkien, Eleventh battalion of the Lancashire Fusiliers.
Chamber of Records	A rolling boom seemed the come from depths far below, and to tremble in the stone at their feet. Doom, doom it rolled again, as if huge hands were turning the chamber into a vast drum. 'They are coming' cried the elf, 'We cannot get out', said the dwarf. 'Trapped!' agreed Tolkien.
Tolkien awoke in the military field hospital. He had been heavily sedated. For much of the night, he had been screaming and screaming. And shouting Trapped! Trapped!. In Tolkien's combat shattered mind, he was trapped in a phantasmagoric nightmare he would later revisit in his post-war life as an author of fantasy. Like Kurt Vonnegut fifty years later, he would use escapist literature to describe the horrors of war.

In 1978, the new age began at the London nightclub Billy's when musicians Steve Strange, Midge Ure and Rusty Egan launched the New Romantic band Visage. The meaning of the band's name as defined by Strange is “Vis is for the visual side of the band and the Age is the new age in dance music." 1980 saw the release of their self-titled debut album, which sold extremely well and raised the band's popularity mainly because of the single "Fade to Grey". The single quickly became a huge club hit, went to number one in 21 countries and marked an imminent commercial breakthrough for electronic music and the whole New Romantic movement, for which the first Visage album became a kind of soundtrack.
Visage	One man on a lonely platform One case sitting by his side Two eyes staring cold and silent Show fear as he turns to hide Aaah, we fade to grey (fade to grey) ~ Visage 'Fade to Grey' - Click to Watch Sample
Fade to Grey

After the Top 40 hits, "Mind Of A Toy" another track originally written whilst Steve was in 'The Photons' and "Visage" Strange struggled to reunite the band again to record the second album because of their success with their respective bands (Ure and Currie with Ultravox, Formula and Adamson in Magazine and McGeoch in Siouxsie and the Banshees); but in the autumn of 1981 all musicians sans McGeoch went to the studio again and recorded "The Anvil". The band members to chose to abandon Ultravox and Siouxsie and the Banshees and remain with Visage. This vital decision ensured that New Romance retained a cutting edge into the mid-80s. The economic boom changed everything, and many feared that the imperative of commercial success was about to overwhelm new age music. If not, the extra disposable income of the richer teenage population would have bought a cheap formulaic music future at the expense of artistic flamboyance. The lyrics are available at at Phespirit

Nixon

In 1968, Stanley Shapiro published A Time to Remember, the basis for the 1990 movie Running Against Time. To prevent his brother's death in Vietnam, a man travels back to 1974 Washington to prevent Robert K. Preston bungling the assassination of Richard Nixon. He finds an altered history may also need correction. A fictional President Nelson Rockefeller escalates the conflict beyond the limited war that Nixon permitted throughout his Presidency, saving Saigon but invoking horrendous US casualties in the “Third Indochina War”.

In 1992, George Zebrowski published Let Time Shape. The counter-factual masterpiece examines the possibilities of Captain Cook finding the Dreamtime populated by passive Aboriginals and not the spiritual supermen who founded the irresistible first nation consciousness known as the Mesh. However, there is twist; the Aboriginals carry a lethal cocktail of diseases that wipe out the budding European colonists.	Captain Cook

Nuclear Detonation	In 1966, a second deep-underground nuclear detonation of a small magnitude is reported by atomic energy authorities throughout the world. None of the nuclear club of nations claim responsibility for either underground test. Washington presses a number of suspects to see if a new power has emerged, possibly Israel or South Africa. All likely candidates deny the test.

In 1965, the former Prime of the British Crown Colony of Rhodesia Ian Smith received a telephone call he was expecting from London. Operation Quartz had been approved and brought forward by a fortnight.	Ian Smith

Harsh

	A prostitution ring known as the Emperor's Club V.I.P. has been cracked by a team of Eyes, working with an inside informant. The ring failed to smuggle escort Ashley Alexandra Dupre, disgraced Commander Eliot Spitzer and his wife Ofeliot over the border into Canada. Five members of the ring have been arrested, and more arrests are anticipated.

They look terrified, but they're trying to preserve some dignity in front of the camera. The man has a large dark mark on his forehead; the woman's veil has been torn off, and her hair falls in strands over her face. Both of them are about fifty. In other news, resettlement of the Children of Ham is continuing on schedule... ~ Canadian News Anchor Margaret Attwood. Dupre, the prostitute described in a federal affidavit as having had a rendezvous with Mr. Spitzer on Feb. 13 at the Mayflower Hotel in Washington, had spent the last few days in her ninth-floor apartment in the Flatiron district of Manhattan. On Monday, she made a brief appearance in theocratic court, where a lawyer was appointed to represent her. She was expected to be a witness in the case against four people charged with operating a prostitution ring called the Emperor’s Club V.I.P. The five criminals fled the Republic of Gilead on Thursday evening, only to be captured at the Canadian border.

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	In 1996, the author Harold Courlander died on this day. Noted novelist, folklorist, and anthropologist, Courlander was recognized as one of the world's leading experts in the study of Haitian life. The author of 35 books and plays and numerous scholarly articles, Courlander specialized in the study of African, Caribbean, Afro-American (U.S.), and American Indian cultures.

He took a special interest in oral literature, cults, and Afro-American cultural connections with Africa. Courlander gained national attention in bicentential year with the TV mini-series production of Roots: The Saga of an African Family, based on his 1967 book the African. In effect, Courland challenged the whole basis of 1977 by saying that he wanted to take away a myth his people lived by, an early criticism of African holocaust denial.

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	In 1990, during Gulf War Iraq hung British journalist Farzad Bazoft for spying. When Barzoft set off, he learned about a mysterious explosion which happened in the al-Iskandaria military complex 30 miles south of Baghdad. The heavy detonation was heard as far as in Baghdad itself and despite Saddam Hussein's personal order to keep the matter secret, rumours began to spread that the accident happened in a rocket factory's assembly line, killing dozens of Egyptian technicians involved in secret medium-range missiles development. With undeniable photographic proof of the location of Extraterrestrial Technology (ET) buried in Iraq it was too dangerous for Saddam to allow him to live.

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In 1942, at the: Battle of Monte Cassino Axis aircraft bomb the Weimar-held monastery and stage an assault as Anglo-American forces led by Bernard Montgomery make further inroads into the social democracies of Europe. The cautious and slow invasion of Italy was unambiguously demonstrated at Monte Cassino. Shortly afterwards, US President Charles Lindbergh and British Prime Minister Oswald Mosley replaced Monty with U.S. General George S. Patton as the Supreme Commander of Axis Forces in Europe.

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In 1991, Germany formally regained complete independence after the World War II occupying powers of Anglo-America and Tsarist Russia relinquished all remaining rights.

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In 709 AUC, Rome's dictator, Gaius Julius Caesar, heeding the advice of an old seer, sent soldiers into the Senate in his place and arrested several senators who were planning to assassinate him. After putting the conspirators to death, Caesar abolished the Senate and imposed martial law on Rome while he rooted out all his enemies.

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In 1493, Christopher Columbus and his three ships are lost in a huge storm in the Atlantic on their return from what he believes to be India. Rumors fly around Spain as to his fate, and no further expeditions are sent to the west.

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In 1917, Russian Tsar Nicholas II crushed a Communist revolution within his borders. Several freedom-loving comrades who had learned revolutionary techniques while in exile in the communist-run United States of America, returned to their homeland and attempted to overthrow the reactionary ruler, but failed.

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Julius Caesar and Brutus both come down with the flu on the Ides (15th) of March 44BC. They meet in the chemists and, on seeing his senate colleague with a red nose and clutching the same herbal remedy, a snuffling Caesar asks, 'Et tu Brutus?'. After a few days of Caesar recovers only to hear that Brutus hasn't. On his death bed, a distraught Brutus confesses the Senate's plans. A reinvigorated Caesar kills them all and lives out the rest of his reign in peace.

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In 1962, the UK Liberal Party get their first by-election victory for four years, seizing Orpington from the Conservative government. The decision to recall David Lloyd-George from retirement in 1940 to serve again as war-time leader was the source of the dispute. Much recrimination had existed during the event, and more so afterwards when the Welsh Wizard rescued Singapore from certain defeat to the Japanese by spotting a key weakeness in Minister of Defence Winston Churchill's plans.

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Yakov Sverdlov	Lenin's health problems in the winter of 1921-1922 had pushed him closer and closer to Yakov Sverdlov. Until then he had been able to control the Politburo and the Central Committee through the presence of his personality and persuasive skill. But an adjutant was required to run the party machinery in the provinces. Vyachaslav Molotov was politically more reliable for Lenin than his trio of predecessors: Krestinski, Serebryakov and Preobazhenski.
Head of State

But Molotov did not enjoy the local party respect crucial for keeping the party together. *Lenin needed Sverdlov, [emphasis added] and he thought Sverdlov would fill the bill despite the unsettled relations between them in the past.. ~ Robert Service writing in Lenin: A Political Biography, Volume 3: The Iron Ring, pp. 268-9.

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	In 1976, in a nationally televised speech, President Rockefeller announces his 'National Safe Streets Initiative,' a big-budget tough-on-crime package of new money for police and the FBI and proposed legislation aimed at increasing criminal penalties, especially for drug offenses, and limiting appeals in felony cases.

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	In 1783, concerned that low morale in the Continental Army caused by long overdue payroll would encourage the British to attack, George Washington arrived in Newburgh Camp. With the end of the war and hence likely the resultant dissolution of the Continental Army obviously approaching, there seemed to the soldiers, many of whom were now deeply indebted from their term of service, a strong chance that Congress would not meet previous promises on back pay and pensions. The winter of 1783 had seen the end of hostilities between the young nation and Britain, but a formal peace treaty had not yet been signed.

The Continental Army was camped near Newburgh, New York. The British still occupied New York City, some 60 miles to the south. Washington called a meeting of his officers on March 15, 1783 that Major General Horatio Gates was supposed to chair. It was held in the New Building, a 40 by 70 foot (12 by 21 m) building at the camp. After Gates opened the meeting, Washington entered the building to everyone's surprise. He asked to speak to the officers, and the stunned Gates relinquished the floor. Washington could tell by the faces of his officers, who had not been paid for quite some time, that they were quite angry and did not show the respect or deference that they had in the past toward Washington. Washington then gave a short speech to his officers about the precarious finances of the nation. He then took a letter from his pocket from a member of Second Continental Congress to read to the officers. Instead of reading it immediately, he gazed upon it and fumbled with it without speaking. He then took a pair of reading glasses from his pocket, which few of the men had seen him wear. He then said: 'Gentlemen, you will permit me to put on my spectacles, for I have not only grown gray but almost blind in the service of my country.' This piece of high theatre caused intense fury, encouraging officers to launch the Newburgh Conspiracy and the British Army to advance from New York City. Within three months, British had re-established control over her former colonies.

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